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¹Ù´Ù´Â, Å©·¹ÆÄ½ºº¸´Ù ÁøÇÑ, Ǫ¸£°í À°ÁßÇÑ ºñ´ÃÀ» ¹«°Ì°Ô µÚä¸é¼­, ¼ûÀ» ½®´Ù.

 – ÃÖÀÎÈÆ, ±¤Àå, ¹®Çаú Áö¼º»ç, 2014, p.21

 

Two states One nation 

Seoul and Berlin differ in terms of not only longitude and latitude but also land size, race, language, culture, national power, and lifestyle. However, Korea and Germany experienced similar historical incidents. Under the circumstances of the Cold War, each country was divided into two parts against its will, due to different political systems and ideologies. Therefore, the division cannot be characterized solely by ¡°national issues¡±. The reason is that, it occurred due to military confrontations, different political and socioeconomic systems, and conflicting ideologies. East Germany and North Korea, members of the socialist camp, acted as the main pillars of the Soviet Grand Global Strategy in the context of the military system. On the other hand, West Germany and South Korea, members of the capitalist world, functioned as the political stage that showcases the endemic superiority of capitalism over communism.


However, the two heterogeneous ideologies that control a single region should not be deemed to be mutually conflicting. Looking into the types of the propaganda and urban planning that were conducted in the two parts of Koreas as well as Germanys can serve as an opportunity to compare similarities between the two ideologies. Both ideologies were designed to promote better lives for mankind. However, when they degenerate into dictatorship or extreme individualism, they are overthrown and changed again by human beings.  


As of 2016, both the democratic system for South Korea and West Germany and the socialist regime for North Korea and East Germany expose their limitations. ¡®Passive freedom,¡¯ meaning that people can enjoy their maximum freedom on condition of not undermining others¡¯ rights, and ¡®active freedom,¡¯ signifying that people can choose and pursue specific ideal values (self-fulfillment, the realization of the greater good, the pursuit of equality, and so forth) have brought about the degradation of democracy as well as the extreme evils of totalitarianism, combining with mankind¡¯s greed and corruption. With these leading to criticism, disappointment, anxiety, and fear, people have given up the existing systems and left for a third utopia: Refugees trying to escape from civil wars caused by ideological conflicts; North Korean immigrants; and South Koreans preparing to emigrate to foreign nations. These people are deemed to be similar to the main character of ¡®The Plaza,¡¯ a novel authored by Choi In-hun and published in 1960, who goes to the North and South, experiences the Korean War, and finally goes aboard in search of a utopia. This book is designed to shed new light on the current situation by specifically reviewing and reorganizing the circumstances of the past, present, and future.      

 
The ocean breathes, heavily thrusting the darker, greener and heavier scales than the crayons.

-Choi, In-Hun, The Plaza, Department of Literature and Intellectual History, 2014, p.21





























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